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As of September 12, 2015, the United States has a total resident population of 321,729,000, making it the third most populous country in the world. It is very urbanized, with 81% residing in cities and suburbs as of 2014 (the worldwide urban rate is 54%).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=United Nations - Population Division )〕 California and Texas are the most populous states, as the mean center of U.S. population has consistently shifted westward and southward. New York City is the most populous city in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places over 110,000, Ranked by July 1, 2009 Population: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (SUB-EST2009-01) )〕 The total fertility rate in the United States estimated for 2014 is 1.86 children per woman,〔(National Vital Statistics Reports. Births: Preliminary Data for 2014 )〕〔 which is below the replacement fertility rate of approximately 2.1. Compared to other Western countries, in 2012, U.S. fertility rate was lower than that of France (2.01),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fécondité, France hors Mayotte )〕 Australia (1.93) and the United Kingdom (1.92).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Vital Statistics: Population and Health Reference Tables (February 2014 Update): Annual Time Series Data )〕 However, U.S. population growth is among the highest in industrialized countries,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Population growth rate )〕 because the differences in fertility rates are less than the differences in immigration levels, which are higher in the U.S.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CIA - The World Factbook -- Rank Order - Total fertility rate )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CIA - The World Factbook -- Rank Order - Net migration rate )〕 The United States Census Bureau shows population increase of 0.75% for the twelve-month period ending in July 2012. Though high by industrialized country standards, this is below the world average annual rate of 1.1%.〔 There were over 158.6 million women in the United States in 2009. The number of men was 151.4 million. At age 85 and older, there were more than twice as many women as men. People under 20 years of age made up over a quarter of the U.S. population (27.3%), and people age 65 and over made up one-eighth (12.8%) in 2009. The national median age was 36.8 years.〔 The United States Census Bureau defines White people as those "having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East. It includes people who reported "White" or wrote in entries such as Irish, German, Italian, Near Easterner, or Polish." Whites constitute the majority of the U.S. population, with a total of about 245,532,000 or 77.7% of the population as of 2013. There are 62.6% Whites when Hispanics who describe themselves as "white" are taken out of the calculation. Despite major changes due to illegal and legal immigration since the 1960s and the higher birth-rates of nonwhites, the overall current majority of American citizens are still white, and English-speaking, though regional differences exist. The American population almost quadrupled during the 20th century—at a growth rate of about 1.3% a year—from about 76 million in 1900 to 281 million in 2000. It reached the 200 million mark in 1968, and the 300 million mark on October 17, 2006.〔(【引用サイトリンク】format=PDF )〕 Population growth is fastest among minorities as a whole, and according to the Census Bureau's estimation for 2012, 50.4% of American children under the age of 1 belonged to minority groups.〔(Morello, Carol and Mellnik, Ted. "Census: Minority Babies Are Now Majority in United States." ''Washington Post''. May 17, 2012. ) Accessed 2012-05-17.〕 Hispanic and Latino Americans accounted for 48% of the national population growth of 2.9 million between July 1, 2005, and July 1, 2006.〔(【引用サイトリンク】archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420095712/http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/population/010048.html )〕 Immigrants and their U.S.-born descendants are expected to provide most of the U.S. population gains in the decades ahead.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=U.S. Population Projections: 2005-2050 - Pew Hispanic Center )〕 The Census Bureau projects a U.S. population of 417 million in 2060, which is a 38% increase from 2007 (301.3 million).〔 However, the United Nations projects a U.S. population of 402 million in 2050, an increase of 32% from 2007. In an official census report, it was reported that 54.4% (2,150,926 out of 3,953,593) of births in 2010, were non-Hispanic white. This represents an increase of 0.34% compared to the previous year, which was 54.06%.〔http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_01.pdf〕 ==History== (詳細はDemographics Trends in the 20th Century )". U.S. Census Bureau.〕 8.8 million African Americans, with about 90% of them still living in Southern states,〔"(We the Americans: Blacks )". Census.gov.〕 and slightly more than 500,000 Hispanics.〔"(Latinos and the Changing Face of America - Population Reference Bureau )"〕 Under the law, the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965,〔"''(Not Just Black and White: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on Immigration, Race, and Ethnicity in the United States )''". Nancy Foner, George M. Fredrickson (2005). p.120. ISBN 0-87154-270-6〕 the number of first-generation immigrants living in the United States has increased,〔"(Immigrants in the United States and the Current Economic Crisis )", Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Aaron Terrazas, ''Migration Policy Institute'', April 2009.〕 from 9.6 million in 1970 to about 38 million in 2007.〔"''(Immigration Worldwide: Policies, Practices, and Trends )''". Uma A. Segal, Doreen Elliott, Nazneen S. Mayadas (2010). Oxford University Press US. p. 32. ISBN 0-19-538813-5〕 Around a million people legally immigrated to the United States per year in the 1990s, up from 250,000 per year in the 1950s. In 2009, 37% of immigrants originated in Asia, 42% in North America, and 11% in Africa.〔"(CBO: 748,000 Foreign Nationals Granted U.S. Permanent Residency Status in 2009 Because They Had Immediate Family Legally Living in America )". CNSnews.com. January 11, 2011〕 In 1900, non-Hispanic whites comprised almost 97% of the population of the 10 largest American cities.〔"("The First Measured Century: An Illustrated Guide to Trends in America, 1900–2000" )". Public Broadcasting Service (PBS).〕 By 2006, non-Hispanic whites had dwindled to a minority in 35 of the nation's 50 largest cities.〔"(Changing Face of Western Cities )". ''The Washington Post''. August 21, 2006.〕 The Census Bureau reported that minorities (including Hispanic whites) made up 50.4% of the children born in the U.S. between July 2010 and July 2011, compared to 37% in 1990.〔"(Non-white births outnumber white births for the first time in US )". ''The Daily Telegraph''. May 17, 2012.〕 In 2010 the state with the lowest fertility rate was Rhode Island, with 1,630.5 children per thousand women, while Utah had the greatest rate with 2,449.0 children per thousand women.〔("Births: Final Data for 2010" )〕 This correlates with the ages of the states' populations: Rhode Island has the ninth-oldest median age in the US—39.2—while Utah has the youngest—29.0.〔("American FactFinder: Median age by state" )〕 ==Vital statistics== The U.S. total fertility rate as of 2010 census is 1.931: * 1.948 for White Americans (including White Hispanics) * * 1.791 for non-Hispanic Whites * 1.972 for Black Americans (including Black Hispanics) * * 1.958 for non-Hispanic Blacks * 1.404 for Native Americans (including Hispanics) * 1.689 for Asian Americans (including Hispanics) Other: *2.350 for ''Hispanics'' (of all racial groups) (Note that ~95% of Hispanics are included as "white Hispanics" by CDC, which does not recognize the Census' "Some other race" category and counts people in that category as white.) Source: National Vital statistics report based on 2010 US Census data〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Demographics of the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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